Tribological performance of engine oils is critical to the reliability, efficiency, and longevity of internal combustion engines. This manuscript presents a comprehensive evaluation of five commercially available engine oils, encompassing mineral, semi-synthetic, and fully synthetic formulations…

This manuscript investigates the design and performance optimization of a flat-plate solar thermal collector tailored for residential water-heating applications. The study reviews key design parameters—absorber plate material, selective coating, glazing options, insulation thickness, and flow channel…

The rapid evolution of automotive engineering in the early twenty-first century has driven the search for lightweight materials capable of enhancing vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, and crashworthiness. This manuscript reviews the state-of-the-art composite materials—principally carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers…

This manuscript presents a comprehensive study on the design of energy-efficient HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning) systems in commercial buildings, reflecting technologies and methodologies available up to 2018. The paper outlines strategies for reducing energy consumption…

This manuscript presents a comprehensive investigation of thermo‐mechanical fatigue (TMF) phenomena in gas turbine blades, focusing exclusively on technologies and methodologies available up to the end of 2018. The study synthesizes metallurgical principles, experimental techniques, and…

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has emerged as a pivotal tool for analyzing airflow distribution and thermal comfort within automotive cabins. This study presents a detailed CFD-based investigation of airflow behavior in a mid-size sedan cabin under…