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Devansh Joshi
Independent Researcher
India
Abstract
This study presents a comparative performance evaluation of WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e) and 3G (UMTS/HSPA) networks for rural connectivity scenarios, using simulation-based experiments conducted in NS-2 and OPNET Modeler environments available up to 2014. Key performance indicators—throughput, latency, packet loss, jitter, and coverage radius—were measured under identical traffic loads and environmental conditions representative of rural deployments. Statistical analysis was performed to determine significant differences between technologies. Results indicate that WiMAX outperforms 3G in throughput and coverage, while 3G shows marginally lower latency under light loads. These findings provide insights for network planners and policy makers seeking cost-effective broadband solutions for underserved rural areas.
Keywords
WiMAX, 3G, rural connectivity, throughput, latency, packet loss
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