DOI: https://doi.org/10.63345/ijrmeet.org.v10.i5.4
Dr. Rajneesh Kumar Singh
Sharda University
Greater Noida India
Abstract
Phase change materials (PCMs) have been recognized as a promising passive technology to enhance thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption in buildings. This study investigates the thermal performance of various PCMs integrated into building envelopes, focusing on optimization strategies applicable up to 2022 technologies. Using a combination of experimental testing and numerical simulation, we evaluated paraffin, salt hydrates, and fatty acid-based PCMs encapsulated within gypsum boards and aluminum panels. Thermal cycling experiments were conducted under controlled environmental conditions, while energy-saving potential was analyzed through TRNSYS and ANSYS FLUENT models. Results demonstrate that optimized PCM selection and encapsulation significantly improve thermal inertia, reducing peak indoor temperature fluctuations by up to 25% and daily cooling loads by 15–20%. A statistical analysis employing ANOVA highlights the influence of PCM properties—latent heat capacity, thermal conductivity, melting temperature—and encapsulation thickness on overall performance. Recommendations for optimal PCM type, encapsulation method, and installation parameters are provided, aimed at engineers and designers working within the constraints of pre-2022 PCM technologies.
Keywords
Phase Change Materials; Building Envelopes; Thermal Optimization; Energy Efficiency; Thermal Inertia
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