Rhea Borah
Independent Researcher
India
Abstract
This study presents an assessment of air pollution in industrial zones using the U.S. EPA’s AERMOD dispersion model as of 2015. Emphasis is placed on evaluating the spatial and temporal distribution of key pollutants—NOₓ, SO₂, PM₁₀, and CO—emitted from point, area, and volume sources characteristic of heavy manufacturing facilities. Meteorological data from on-site stations and representative regional upper-air soundings were incorporated to simulate pollutant dispersion under varying stability classes and wind conditions. Ground‐truthing was performed via ambient monitoring at multiple downwind receptor locations. Results demonstrate that NOₓ and SO₂ concentrations often exceed national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) during stable atmospheric conditions, with peak ground‐level concentrations occurring under light wind speeds and nocturnal inversions. PM₁₀ levels showed significant contributions from fugitive emissions and upwind industrial activities. Insights from two case studies—a petrochemical complex and a steel plant—illustrate the influence of stack height, exit velocity, and stack temperature on plume rise and subsequent ground‐level concentrations. The study underscores the utility of AERMOD for regulatory compliance demonstrations, facility siting decisions, and the development of emission control strategies in industrial settings.
Keywords
Air pollution assessment, AERMOD dispersion modeling, industrial zones, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides
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