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Reyansh Kukreja
Independent Researcher
India
Abstract
Enhancement of heat transfer in plate heat exchangers (PHEs) has been an active area of research within thermal engineering disciplines. The introduction of nanofluids—suspensions of nanoparticles within conventional base fluids—has demonstrated potential to increase the rate of thermal energy exchange through improved thermophysical properties. This manuscript investigates the use of alumina, copper oxide, and titanium dioxide nanofluids in PHEs operating under laminar and transitional flow regimes. Experimental data were compiled from literature published up to 2014 to compare convective heat transfer coefficients and associated pressure drops. A statistical analysis quantifies the average enhancement associated with 0.5–2.0% nanoparticle volume fractions. Methodologies employed in existing studies are synthesized, including preparation, stability assessment, and uncertainty quantification. Results indicate up to 18% increase in heat transfer coefficient for Al₂O₃–water nanofluids at 1.5% volume fraction, with pressure drop penalties under 5%. Research gaps identified include long-term stability, erosion effects on PHE plates, and scale-up studies under industrial conditions. Conclusions emphasize the promise of nanofluids for compact PHE designs while underscoring the need for standardized testing protocols.
Keywords
Nanofluids, Plate Heat Exchanger, Heat Transfer Enhancement, Convective Coefficient, Pressure Drop
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