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Esha Choksi
Independent Researcher
India
Abstract
This manuscript presents a comprehensive study on load flow analysis of power systems using the Newton–Raphson method. The objective is to examine the convergence behavior, computational efficiency, and accuracy of the Newton–Raphson algorithm when applied to typical medium- and large-scale power system models available up to 2013. A detailed literature review traces the evolution of load flow techniques, highlighting the advantages of the Newton–Raphson approach in terms of quadratic convergence and robustness. The methodology describes the mathematical formulation, Jacobian construction, and solution strategy, followed by formulation of five well-defined research objectives. A statistical analysis compares iteration counts and solution errors across IEEE test systems, presented in a plain-text grid-line Table. Simulation research is conducted using MATLAB® (R2014a) on IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus, and 57-bus systems. Results demonstrate that the Newton–Raphson method consistently achieves solution tolerances of 10⁻⁶ p.u. within 5–9 iterations, indicating its suitability for real-time operational studies. Conclusions underscore the method’s strengths and suggest areas for further enhancement within the technological scope pre-2016.
Keywords
Newton–Raphson method; load flow analysis; power system; convergence; Jacobian; IEEE test systems
References
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